Dangerous Asian hornet detected on Spain's Costa Tropical for first time

During a routine inspection in Spain’s Granada Province, the Asian hornet was detected for the very first time. This was part of a surveillance program for the ragweed beetle Euwallacea fornicatus.

Ignacio Henares Civantos is a technical advisor at the Andalusian regional plant health department and a biologist. He made the discovery in an avocado plantation located in Motril. Henares discovered the insect after it was caught in one of traps set up as part of the phytosanitary program.

There is no visible damage on the farm. However, experts warn that the species could spread to farms along the coast if it becomes established.

The Asian hornet has already been detected in Cadiz, Malaga, Seville, Huelva, Cordoba, Jaén and Almeria. Henares explained that we were the only Andalusian region where no specimens have been confirmed.

It was first discovered in Europe in Italy in 2010. In 2018, it was found in Algeciras. Since then, its spread has been constant and rapid throughout Andalucía.

The insect is between 17-21 millimetres in length, though queens can grow up to 27 millimetres. It is distinguished by its reddish-brown head and thorax, its abdomen with two intense yellow bands and two black spots, and a characteristic yellow ‘mask’ on its face.

Risks

Experts say that Asian hornets build their nests in urban structures, such as holes in walls, roofs and attics. This behavior increases the likelihood of human contact.

The Asian hornet has a wide range of impacts. It is a danger to the public’s health because its sting can be painful and dangerous, particularly for those with allergies.

It is an insect which can be found in close proximity to humans. This is especially true in areas with water, such as swimming pools, gardens, or urban environments. “The risk of being stung is higher in the summer when colonies are more active,” said the technician. Health authorities advise against approaching or trying to destroy nests as the insect can be aggressive and territorial.

Second, the impact of beekeeping is a major issue. The Asian Hornet is an apex predator for bees. During the reproductive stage, workers kill adult bees for their larvae. The honeybee population is reduced significantly, and honey production and crop pollination are affected.

It can also cause problems in agriculture as the Asian hornet feeds on ripe fruit such as grapes, mangoes, peaches, figs and grapes. It damages the fruit, rendering it unsuitable to be sold. This causes economic damage for producers.

You should notify the local municipality, the Andalusian Regional Government’s Plant Health Service or the relevant authorities if you see a large nest or a hornet.